============= Visualization ============= Explore interactive maps, charts, and advanced seismological visualizations for comprehensive earthquake data analysis. -------- Overview -------- The Earthquake Catalogue Platform provides comprehensive visualization tools for exploring and analyzing earthquake data: * **Interactive Maps:** Leaflet-based maps with clustering and multiple base layers * **Uncertainty Visualization:** Error ellipses showing location confidence * **Focal Mechanisms:** Beach ball diagrams for fault plane solutions * **Station Coverage:** Network geometry and azimuthal gap display * **Statistical Charts:** Magnitude-frequency, depth, and temporal distributions * **Quality Analytics:** Score distributions and filtering by quality grade Accessing Visualizations ======================== * **Analytics Page** (``/analytics``): Full visualization dashboard * **Catalogue View**: Click any catalogue, then "View on Map" * **Event Details**: Click any event marker for detailed information ----------------- Interactive Maps ----------------- Basic Map View ============== Navigate to **Analytics** or **Catalogues** → **View on Map** **Features:** * Pan and zoom controls * Event markers sized by magnitude * Color-coded by depth * Click events for details * Marker clustering for dense regions **Map Controls:** .. list-table:: :header-rows: 1 :widths: 30 70 * - Control - Action * - ``+`` / ``-`` buttons - Zoom in/out * - Click + Drag - Pan the map * - Scroll wheel - Zoom at cursor position * - Double-click - Zoom in at point * - Click marker - View event details popup * - Click cluster - Zoom to show individual events **Color Coding (Default - by Depth):** .. list-table:: :header-rows: 1 :widths: 30 70 * - Color - Depth Range * - Red - 0-15 km (shallow) * - Orange - 15-40 km (crustal) * - Yellow - 40-100 km (upper mantle) * - Green - 100-300 km (deep) * - Blue - 300+ km (very deep) **Marker Size:** Markers are scaled by magnitude using a logarithmic scale. Larger events have proportionally larger markers for visual emphasis. Enhanced Map View ================= Advanced visualization with: * **Uncertainty Ellipses:** Visual representation of location uncertainty * **Focal Mechanisms:** Beach ball diagrams showing fault plane solutions * **Station Coverage:** Seismic station locations and coverage * **Azimuthal Gap:** Visual indication of network geometry Enable enhanced features: 1. Navigate to Analytics page 2. Toggle "Show Uncertainty Ellipses" 3. Toggle "Show Focal Mechanisms" 4. Toggle "Show Stations" Uncertainty Visualization ========================== Location uncertainties displayed as: * **Ellipses:** Horizontal uncertainty (latitude/longitude) * **Color coding:** Quality grade (A+ = green, F = red) * **Size:** Proportional to uncertainty magnitude **Interpretation:** * Small ellipse = precise location * Large ellipse = uncertain location * Circular = equal uncertainty in all directions * Elongated = directional uncertainty Focal Mechanisms ================ Beach ball diagrams show: * Fault plane orientation * Slip direction * Earthquake type (normal, reverse, strike-slip) **Colors:** * Black quadrants: Compressional * White quadrants: Tensional Station Coverage ================ View seismic stations used for event location: * Station markers on map * Lines connecting stations to event * Azimuthal gap visualization * Station count and distribution **Quality indicators:** * Good coverage: Stations surround event, small azimuthal gap * Poor coverage: Stations on one side, large azimuthal gap ----------------- Charts and Graphs ----------------- Magnitude-Frequency Distribution ================================ Gutenberg-Richter plot showing: * Event counts by magnitude * b-value calculation * Completeness magnitude (Mc) **Interpretation:** * b-value ≈ 1.0: Normal seismicity * b-value > 1.0: More small events (aftershocks, swarms) * b-value < 1.0: More large events (unusual) Depth Distribution ================== Histogram of event depths: * Identify depth clusters * Distinguish shallow vs. deep seismicity * Detect subduction zone signatures Temporal Patterns ================= Time series plots showing: * Event rate over time * Magnitude evolution * Cumulative seismic moment * Energy release **Features:** * Identify aftershock sequences * Detect swarms and clusters * Analyze temporal completeness Quality Score Distribution ========================== Bar chart showing event counts by quality grade: .. code-block:: text A+ ████████████ 450 events A ██████████ 380 events B+ ████████ 290 events B ██████ 210 events C ████ 150 events D ██ 80 events F █ 40 events ----------------------- Seismological Analytics ----------------------- b-value Analysis ================ Gutenberg-Richter b-value calculation: .. math:: \log_{10} N = a - b \cdot M Where: * N = number of events ≥ magnitude M * b = b-value (typically ~1.0) * a = productivity parameter Completeness Magnitude ====================== Estimate the magnitude above which the catalogue is complete: * Maximum curvature method * Goodness-of-fit test * Visual inspection of magnitude-frequency plot Seismic Moment ============== Calculate total seismic moment: .. math:: M_0 = 10^{(1.5 \cdot M_w + 9.1)} Where M_w is moment magnitude. Energy Release ============== Estimate radiated seismic energy: .. math:: E = 10^{(1.5 \cdot M + 4.8)} Cluster Detection ================= Identify earthquake clusters and sequences: * Temporal clustering (aftershocks) * Spatial clustering (swarms) * Declustering algorithms -------------- Filtering Data -------------- Apply filters to focus visualization: **Magnitude Range:** .. code-block:: text Min: 3.0, Max: 8.0 **Depth Range:** .. code-block:: text Min: 0 km, Max: 40 km **Time Range:** .. code-block:: text Start: 2024-01-01 End: 2024-12-31 **Quality Grade:** .. code-block:: text Minimum: B (good quality) **Geographic Bounds:** Draw a bounding box on the map or enter coordinates. ---------------- Map Base Layers ---------------- Switch between different base maps: * **OpenStreetMap:** Default, detailed street and terrain * **Satellite:** Aerial/satellite imagery * **Terrain:** Topographic with elevation shading * **Dark:** Dark theme for presentations Access via the layer control icon in the top-right corner of the map. ----------------------- Export Visualizations ----------------------- Save your visualizations for reports and presentations: **Map Export:** * Use browser screenshot (Print Screen or browser extension) * Enable "Hide UI" toggle for clean capture **Chart Export:** * Click the download icon on each chart * Available formats: PNG, SVG * SVG recommended for publications (scalable) **Data Export:** * Apply filters to select events * Click "Export Filtered Data" * Choose format: CSV, QuakeML, JSON, GeoJSON See :doc:`exporting-data` for complete export options. ----------------- Best Practices ----------------- Effective Visualization ======================= 1. **Start zoomed out:** Get the big picture first 2. **Apply magnitude filter:** Reduce clutter for dense catalogues 3. **Use quality filters:** Focus on well-located events for analysis 4. **Toggle features:** Turn on uncertainty ellipses for location studies Presentation Tips ================= * Use dark base layer for contrast * Filter to show only relevant events * Export charts as SVG for publications * Include scale bar in map screenshots ---------- Next Steps ---------- * :doc:`quality-assessment` - Understand quality metrics * :doc:`exporting-data` - Export visualization data * :doc:`../api-reference/index` - API for custom visualizations .. seealso:: * :doc:`../glossary` - Seismological terminology * :doc:`quality-assessment` - Quality grade definitions